Trilaciclib: First Approval

Declarations

Funding The preparation of this review was not supported by any external funding.

Authorship and Conflict of interest During the peer review process the manufacturer of the agent under review was offered an opportunity to comment on the article. Changes resulting from any comments received were made by the authors on the basis of scientific completeness and accuracy. Sohita Dhillon is a contracted employee of Adis International Ltd/Springer Nature, and declares no relevant conflicts of interest. All authors contributed to the review and are responsible for the article content.

Ethics approval, Consent to participate, Consent to publish, Availability of data and material, Code availability Not applicable.

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Abstract

Trilaciclib (Cosela™) is a small-molecule, short-acting, inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK) 4 and 6 developed by G1 Therapeutics for its myeloprotection and potential antitumor efficacy and safety benefits in combination with cancer chemotherapy. CDKs govern cell cycle progression, and trilaciclib induces a transient, reversible G1 cell cycle arrest of proliferating haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in bone marrow, thus protecting them from damage during chemotherapy. In February 2021, trilaciclib received its first approval in the USA to decrease the incidence of chemotherapy-induced myelosuppression in adult patients when administered prior to a platinum/etoposide-containing regimen or topotecan-containing regimen for extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). Clinical studies in breast cancer, colorectal cancer and small cell lung cancer are underway in several countries. This article summarizes the milestones in the development of trilaciclib leading to this first approval.

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