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Eculizumab: A Review in Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder

Version 2 2020-08-27, 02:59
Version 1 2020-04-08, 23:10
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posted on 2020-08-27, 02:59 authored by James E. Frampton

Compliance with Ethical Standards


Funding The preparation of this review was not supported by any external funding.


Conflicts of interest James Frampton is a salaried employee of Adis International Ltd/Springer Nature, is responsible for the article content and declares no relevant conflicts of interest


Additional information about this Adis Drug Review can be found here



Abstract


The terminal complement protein (C5) inhibitor eculizumab (Soliris®) is the first agent to be specifically approved in the EU, USA, Canada and Japan for the treatment of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) in adults who are aquaporin-4 water channel autoantibody (AQP4-IgG) seropositive and (in the EU only) for those with a relapsing course of disease. In the phase III PREVENT trial, eculizumab significantly reduced the risk of adjudicated relapse relative to placebo in patients with AQP4-IgG-seropositive NMOSD, approximately a quarter of whom did not receive concomitant immunosuppressive therapies. The beneficial effect of eculizumab was seen across all patient subgroups analysed and was accompanied by improvements in neurological and functional disability assessments, as well as generic health-related quality of life measures; it was sustained through 4 years of treatment, according to combined data from the PREVENT trial and an interim analysis of its ongoing open-label extension study. The safety profile of eculizumab in AQP4-IgG-seropositive NMOSD was consistent with that seen for the drug in other approved indications. Thus, eculizumab provides an effective, generally well tolerated and approved treatment option for this rare, disabling and potentially life-threatening condition.


© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020



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