Amikacin Liposome Inhalation Suspension in Refractory Mycobacterium avium Complex Lung Disease: A Profile of Its Use

<p>Declarations</p> <p>Funding The preparation of this review was not supported by any external funding.</p> <p>Authorship and Conflict of interest Sheridan M. Hoy is a salaried employee of Adis International Ltd/Springer Nature, and declares no relevant conflicts of interest. All authors contributed to the review and are responsible for the article content.</p> <p>Ethics approval, Consent to participate, Consent to publish, Availability of data and material, Code availability Not applicable.</p><p><br></p><p>Additional information about this Adis Drug Review can be found <a href="http://www.springer.com/gp/adis/products-services/adis-journals-newsletters/adis-drug-reviews"><b>here</b></a>.<br></p><p><br></p><p>Abstract</p><p>Amikacin liposome inhalation suspension (ALIS) [Arikayce^® Liposomal (EU); Arikayce^® (USA)], a liposomal suspension of the aminoglycoside amikacin (590 mg) for nebulization via the Lamira^® Nebulizer System, is available as add-on therapy for treatment-refractory <i>Mycobacterium avium</i> complex (MAC) lung disease in adults who have little or no alternative treatment options. Its addition to guidelines-based therapy (GBT) significantly improved the likelihood of achieving sputum culture conversion (defined as three consecutive monthly MAC-negative sputum cultures) by month 6 relative to GBT alone in adults with treatment-refractory MAC lung disease, with the conversion response maintained over up to 12 months’ therapy and at 3 months’ post treatment in significantly higher proportions of ALIS plus GBT than GBT alone recipients. ALIS as an add-on therapy to GBT was associated with an increased risk of respiratory adverse reactions compared with GBT alone, but treatment-emergent adverse events associated with systemic amikacin exposure were uncommon.<br></p><p><br></p><p>© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2021<br></p>